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The key difference between secured and unsecured loans lies in their very name. Secured loans are guaranteed by the borrower's property or assets, which protects the lender to a much greater extent. Unsecured loans do not require collateral, so there is more risk for the lender. These risks need to be compensated somehow, so the terms and requirements in unsecured loans are tougher than in secured loans.

Predatory lending is the practice of issuing loans with extremely high interest rates. Predatory lending methods include direct deception of borrowers, aggressive sales techniques, taking advantage of borrowers' financial unawareness, confusing contractual terms, and so on. In some countries, predatory lending is illegal.

Gradual repayment of the loan through regular payments of principal and accrued interest is the amortization of the debt. Specific repayment terms are determined according to the concluded loan agreement and are fixed in the payment schedule. The payments are broken down for the entire term of the loan agreement and consist of the 'principal' (original amount of the loan) and interest. The amount of the amortization charges in this case shows the total amount of repayment at the moment.

A jumbo loan is a mortgage for the ammount that exceeds the Federal Housing Finance Agency's approved loan limits for a particular state. Real estate prices vary greatly in different regions of the United States, so the limit above which a loan acquires jumbo status ranges from about $400,000 to $800,000.

Collateral is a guarantee for the lender to get all the funds due under the loan agreement. In case the borrower does not fulfill his/her obligations or does not fulfill them to the full extent, the corresponding debt is to be repaid at the expense of the collateral. Collateral can be represented by residential and non-residential real estate, motor vehicles, precious metals, securities, etc. However, in fact, banks determine the list of property taken as collateral when granting loans. The property pledged as collateral under the loan must be necessarily evaluated.

A loan forbearance is a waiver from the enforcement of a loan debt. In fact, it is the lender's consent to temporarily suspend the repayment schedule of the loan agreement. A loan forbearance is usually considered if a borrower faces an emergency such as a serious illness or loss of income. However, the specific terms of a loan forbearance are negotiated on a case-by-case basis.

A HELOC (Home Equity Line of Credit) is a loan with an agreed repayment period, in which the borrower's real estate or his share in the real estate is pledged as collateral. In this case, the borrower does not receive the entire amount, as in a conventional loan, but gets access to a credit line, which may be then used at his or her own discretion and in any amount.

Loan default is a default on a loan agreement, i.e. failure to timely pay interest or principal on a debt obligation or under the terms of a bond issue agreement. Consequently, a person who defaults on a loan is considered a loan defaulter. Penalties for loan defaults are applied according to the type of loan and the specific terms of the contract.

In general, one of the key features of personal loans is that lenders rarely require collateral, because usually it is not a very large amount of money. This, in fact, explains such a high popularity of this type of credit. However, if collateral is still required, it can be any movable or immovable property of the borrower, as well as monetary assets in bank accounts.

A fixed rate is a system of accruing interest in which the loan payments will be calculated at an unchanging interest rate for the entire term of the loan. That is, the borrower receives the amount at a specific interest rate, which is prescribed in the contract and does not change during the loan period.

A micro lender is a type of lending institution that specializes in providing small ammounts of money. Since micro-lending is not accompanied by collaterals, the risks for the lender increase exponentially. Because of this, the interest rate on microloans is usually very high. In addition, the activity of micro lenders is strictly controlled by state authorities, especially in terms of collecting outstanding loans.

The Grad Plus (Graduate PLUS) loan is a type of Federal educational loan granted by the US Department of Education for the purposes of further training and professional development. The specifics of this loan are that it is issued directly by the U.S. government and involves a low fixed interest rate. In order to be able to apply for the Grad Plus loan, one must be a citizen or a permanent resident of the USA.

Loan amortization is the process of gradual repayment of a loan by making regular payments of principal and interest on the use of credit funds. In essence, loan amortization is a repayment of the loan on the terms and conditions agreed in the loan agreement and over a specified period.