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A USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) loan is a mortgage loan with no down payment issued to U.S. citizens for the purchase of real estate in rural and suburban areas. As a rule, the target audience of USDA loans are people with incomes below average, who cannot afford to buy a house in urban areas, as well as people who, for some reason, are unable to conclude a standard mortgage agreement.

A loan to value (LTV) ratio shows how much of the value of the property a borrower acquires a creditor is ready to lend him or her. Since this is usually a mortgage loan, the LTV essentially shows how much of the value of the property you already own and how much you are able to pay as a down payment. This will directly affect the interest rate and terms of the loan. Moving to specific numbers, a good LTV ratio would be 80% for conventional loans and 95% for FHA loans.

A loan assumption is the transfer of a borrower's rights and obligations under a loan agreement to another person or legal entity. In the case of a mortgage contract, the buyer of the real estate can replace the original borrower to the lender and act in his or her place under the loan agreement.

Principal debt is the money that the client receives directly from the lender to solve the tasks of the loan. It does not include interest, penalties in case of late repayment, other types of charges due to changes in the terms of the agreement. When the contract is signed, payment requirements are spelled out. Borrowers usually make monthly payments in equal installments. The fee includes the body of the loan, bank interest and other payments that are part of the principal amount owed to the bank.

To understand the big picture when choosing a loan offer, it is very useful to calculate the actual annual percentage rate (APR) on the loan. It includes not only the interest rate, but also all the additional fees and costs explicitly or implicitly included in the loan agreement. In principle, APR can be calculated manually using the formula, but there have long been special and very handy calculators for this purpose on the Internet.

A secured loan is a loan that is secured by some assets. The asset is actually the security for the loan. Security is necessary because the amount in the case of a secured loan is usually high. The security helps the creditor to remain secured in the process of repaying the money owed. And that is why it is called a secured loan. Because of the fact that the creditor is secured, he or she may rest assured about the funds, even if the amount is huge. As a result, an interest rate for secured loans is much lower than for unsecured ones.

A subprime loan is a loan that is accompanied by a high level of risk for the lender. Most often the cause of high risk is the status of the borrower (poor credit history, low income, etc.) or the terms of the loan (no collateral for a high loan amount, poor quality of collateral).

A loan estimate is an approximate form of credit calculation that allows a potential borrower to consider the basic conditions and payments for a particular loan proposal. A loan estimate is sent to a client by a lending institution within three days after the application is submitted, but before its actual approval.

The Grad Plus (Graduate PLUS) loan is a type of Federal educational loan granted by the US Department of Education for the purposes of further training and professional development. The specifics of this loan are that it is issued directly by the U.S. government and involves a low fixed interest rate. In order to be able to apply for the Grad Plus loan, one must be a citizen or a permanent resident of the USA.

Loan default is a default on a loan agreement, i.e. failure to timely pay interest or principal on a debt obligation or under the terms of a bond issue agreement. Consequently, a person who defaults on a loan is considered a loan defaulter. Penalties for loan defaults are applied according to the type of loan and the specific terms of the contract.

Obviously, an interest rate, as well as other conditions of personal loan may differ significantly depending on a number of factors, including the amount of the loan, a borrower's credit history, annual income, etc. If you examine the range of values, the interest rate on a personal loan can vary from 2% to 40%. However, on average we can talk about the range of 10% to 20%.

An installment loan is a very broad term that essentially includes any loan with a clear repayment schedule and number of payments (installments). Therefore, in this sense, a standard mortgage contract is also an installment loan.

Of course, it very much depends on the country/state, the type of credit, your credit score, and whether the credit is secured or not. But in the broadest sense, for people with a credit score exceeding 600, an interest rate of 10-20% might be considered as good.